Hydrocarbon-burner



(No Model.)

B. I'. L'AWTON. l HYDROGARBQN BURNER. No. 545,595. Patented Sept. 3,185.

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y u UNIT-nn STATES APAT-ENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN- F. LAwToN, onRivERDALn, -NEW JERSEY.

HYDRocARBoN-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming partrof Letters Patentive. 545,595, datedseptember e, 1ee5;V

l Application filed July 1, 1895. Serial No. 554,562. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may cVl/oeWl/.eh

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. LAWToN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Riv-V erdale, Morris county,NewJersey, have in- Vented certain new and useful Improvements inIlydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for burning Huid hydrocarbons, eithergaseous or liquid,

for raising steam and for other kindred purposes; and the leadingobjects of the invention are to provide means for producing a mixture of air and hydrocarbon gas or vapor which shall have the maximumcombustible qualities and leave no liquid or solid residues,

and also to provide heated air for admixture with the hydrocarbon.

Other features of the invention relate to the Figure l is a longitudinalvertical axial section of the burning apparatus and boiler.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a part of the same,

illustrating the igniting feature; and Fig. 3 is a transverse Verticalsection on line :1:3 x8 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an axial sectional view ofthe mixer and burner proper on a larger scale,

than the principal views.

Fig. 5 is asectional view of a more simple form of the inlet-nozzle forthe hydrocarbon.l

A represents a steam-boiler of a known kind, having three tiers of tubesor tlues a', The two lower tiers of tubes open at the front into achamber a, and the upper tier opens in to a breeching a", which leadsthe gases to an uptake or chimney c4.

At the rear end of the boiler is what I de-l nominate the burnerapparatus. Within a casing B of this apparatus are three chambers b',b2, and b3. The upper chamber b is closed except to the two uppermosttiers of boiler-fines c and a2. The middle chamber b2 is thecombining-chamber for the combustible gases and the lower chamber b3 isthe air-chamber. Air enters an air-pipe c through a register-controlledinlet cxand passes to the air-chamber b3 through the pipe c, 4whichlatter passes through the chambers b and b2.

The air rises 'from the chamber b3 into the` combining or mixing chamberb2 through perforatious in a partition bx, which separates the'chambersb2 and b3.

I will now explain the construction of the device, (shown best in Fig.4,) and which I call the ,mixer and burner, as it serves as a mixer forAthe air and' hydrocarbon and may serve, also, as a burner, although itdoes not do so, in the proper sense, as arranged in Fig. l. This mixerand burner D comprises an air-chamber d, to which-air is admitted atvinlets dx, controlled by a rotativelymounted register-plate d. Thisair-chamber is separated from a mixing or combining chamber d2 byaperforated diaphragm cl3. The casing of the chamberd2 has in itnumerous perforations d4 to allow the combustible mixture to escape. Thehydrocarbon is admitted to the chamber d2 through a pipe or tube d5,which extendsV up through the diaphram d3 and bears on its upper outletend an outlet-chaml ber d6, with a vperforated crown. .'lo regulate theinflux of gas through the pipe d5, I setin the socket dia slitted tubeds, through which the gas must iow, and provide this slitted tube with acut-off screw (i9, by which the area of the slits through which the gasmust flow can be varied in length by merely driving down orl drawingback the screw. This is merely a device fo rregulating the quantity ofgas to be admitted, performing somewhat the functions of a register.This burner and mixer Dis situated in the combining-chamber b2' and issupplied through a pipe d10. The admission of air at the inlets dX-iseasily regulated by turning the apertured registerplate d about thelpipe d5.

So far as described the operation is as follows: Gas, for example, isadmitted to the combining-chamber dbeing broken up by passing throughthe perforated crown of the chamber d6. Air, or a mixture ofair and gas,

enters the chamber d2 through the diaphragmA IOO plained, into thechamber b3, and thence up through the perforated partition bx into thechamber b2. The intimately-combined inflammable mixture of gas and airnow passes from the combining-chamber b2, through perforated diaphragmsb4, into outlet-nozzles b5, extending from the wall of thecombiningchamber b2, across an ignitingv chamber h6, into the respectiverear ends of the ilues a3 of the boiler A. The igniting-ehamber has adoor bl, in Fig. 2, at which to ignite the gases tiowing through thenozzles b5, the latter having apertures b8 to afford access to thestream of combined gases. The ignited gases flow forward through thelues a3 to the chamber a, thence back through the tlues a2 to thechamber b', and thence forward again through the flues a to thebreeching ctx and out at the chimney. It will be noted that the hotgases in the chamber b surround the pipe c, which passes through and mayhave a bend or coil in the chamber b', and the air flowing through suchpipe is thus highly heated.

As the device shown in Fig. 4 is a mixer in itself, it may be used as aburner similar to the burner of a lamp, the ignition being effectedwhere the vmixed or combined gases emerge from the perforations (Z4.

As the device included in the casing B is in itself al mixing andcombining device, irrespective of the particular construction of thedevice seen in Fig. 4, I may employ in lieu of the device D a simpleinlet nozzle or device DX. (Seen in Fig. 5.) rIhis device of Fig. 5 isin effect the device of Fig. 4E with the air-chamber CZ, themixing-chamber d2, and the perforated diaphragm d3 omitted.

I do not limit myself strictly to all of the details of constructionherein set forth, as these may be varied to some extent withoutdeparting materially from my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim-- l. The combination with asteam-generator having lines, of an apparatus connected theret. with formixing hydrocarbon vapor or gas with air in proper proportions for use,said apparatus comprising an airchamber b3, means for introducing heatedair to said chamber,acombining chamber baperforated diaphragm orpartition between the chambers b2 and b3, a pipe to lead the hydrocarbonto the chamber b2, a mixer or nozzle on the delivery end of said pipe,means for leading the mixed air and hydrocarbon to the flues of theboiler, and an igniting chamber whereat f the gases are ignited at thepoint where they enter said lines, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a steam-generator having three tiers of hues a',a2 and a3, the 1 chamber ct, connecting the front ends of the tiers offlues a2 and a3, the breeching ax, to 1 receive the gases from the uppertier of flues a', and the stack d, of the chamber b', connecting thetlues a and a2 at their rear ends, 65

the combining chamber b2, the air-chamber btheperforated partitionbetween the chambers b2 and b3, the air-supply pipe c, extending throughthe chambers b and. b2 and opening into the chamber b3, whereby a supplyof heated air is provided, the pipe leading the hydrocarbon to thecombining chamber b2, the perforated mixing nozzle on the delivery endof said pipe, the igniting chamber h, between the chamber b2, and therear ends of the flues d3 of the generator, the nozzles b5, adapted tolead the gases from the combining chamber to the fines acrosstheigniting chamber, and the screen or screens over the gasoutlets fromthe combining chamber, substantially as set forth.

The combination with a flue-boiler or steam-generator, of an ignitingchamber D, at the rear end of the flues of said generator, said chamberprovided with a door, means for mixing air and hydrocarbon gas or vapor,a chamber to contain said mixed gas and air adjacent to the ignitingchamber, a screened outlet for said gases where the latter pass to thegenerator tlues, and nozzles b5, extending from said outlets into thetlues across the igniting chamber, said nozzles having apertures bs, topermit of the ignition of the gases, substantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus for mixing heated air with hydrocarbon gas or vapor,a chamber b', adapted to receive heated gases, a hot airchamber b3, anair-pipe c, extending through the chamber b and adapted to deliver airto the chamber b3 in regulated quantity, a combining or mixing chamberb2, a perforated partition bx between the air-chamber and said combiningchamber, and a pipe adapted to lead hydrocarbon gas or vapor to saidcombining chamber in regulated quantities, said combining chamber havinga screened outlet for the mixed gases, substantially as set forth.

5. In a hydrocarbon burner, the combination with the supply-pipe d10,the tube d5, connected therewith, means for regulating the supply'of gaspassing from the pipe d10 to the tube d5, the air-chamber d, about thetube d5, means for regulating the admission of air to said chamber d,the mixing chamber cl2, having outlet perforations in its top or crown,the perforated diaphragm d3, between the airchamber and the mixingchamber, and the chamber or perforated nozzle d6, on the end of the tubed5, within the mixing chamber, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

BENJAMIN F. LAIVTON.

I/Vitnesses:

MARY R. COLFAX, GEORGE W. MEAD.

IOO

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